Many retailers struggle in their first year, but financial data collected by government auditors suggest that early struggles for urban retailers are more likely to result in failure than are those for suburban retailers.

(A) are those for suburban retailers

(B) what suburban retailers experience

(C) suburban retailers are

(D) suburban retailers' early struggles do

(E) early struggles of suburban retailers

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Economist: The law of demand predicts that as the price of a good goes down, demand for that good will increase, and vice-versa. In a recent experiment, economists gave coupons for rice to families in a province of China, where it is a staple food. The coupons effectively lowered the cost of rice, and should have led the families to buy more of it. Instead, households given the coupons purchased less rice than a control group who did not receive coupons.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the amount of rice purchased by families who received coupons?

(A) Chinese families spend an unusually high proportion of their income on rice.

(B) The prices of staple goods, including foodstuffs such as rice, do not fluctuate as much as those of non-necessary goods, such as consumer electronics.

(C) In the months before and after the experiment, the average per-family consumption of rice in the Chinese province steadily decreased.

(D) Many of the families given coupons discovered that they could sell the coupons on the black market.

(E) The availability of the coupons meant that families had more money to spend on other things, including more expensive substitutes for rice.

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The researchers explained that the average cost of a study performed by the laboratory would increase more than 10 percent, amounting to about $80,000, as compared with similar research and analysis this year.

(A) The researchers explained that the average cost of a study performed by the laboratory would increase more than 10 percent, amounting to about $80,000, as compared with similar research and analysis this year.

(B) The researchers explained that the average cost of research and analysis performed by the laboratory would increase more than 10 percent, or about $80,000, from that of similar studies this year.

(C) The researchers explained that there would be an increase of about 10 percent in a study's average cost, or about $80,000, above this year's similar research and analysis.

(D) Compared to similar studies this year, the researchers explained that the average cost of research and analysis performed by the laboratory would increase about $80,000, by more than 10 percent.

(E) Contrasted with similar research and analysis this year, the researchers explained that the average cost of a study performed by the laboratory would increase more than $80,000, or about 10 percent.

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Driving under the influence is a more severe problem among college students at rural and suburban universities than at urban universities. Social scientists wanted to determine how much of the problem is due to the distance students must drive to obtain alcohol. They looked at police records for incidents involving students at a number of universities, and compared those with the mean distances between student housing and bars and liquor stores. The longer the distances, the more likely students were to be arrested or involved in accidents.

Which of the following, if true, would it be most important to take into account in evaluating the result?

(A) Many college students do not purchase alcohol at bars or liquor stores.

(B) Students at rural, suburban, and urban universities are arrested for driving under the influence more frequently than are non-student members of their communities.

(C) The average enrollment at urban universities is greater than that at rural and suburban universities.

(D) Local sheriff's departments near rural and suburban universities devote more resources to identifying and arresting those driving under the influence than do urban police forces.

(E) The number of bars and liquor stores per square mile is nearly five times as high in urban areas as it is in rural and suburban areas.

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